Now that Facebook has announced Iowa, where will they build next?

I forgot to post about the Facebook Iowa data center, and just sent this up a month late. :-)

The next interesting question is where Facebook will build next.  I have some theories and I'll send some e-mails to some buddies and we'll chat about it next week.  Then we'll see if I was right or wrong in about 6 - 9 months.

Speculating about Facebook's data centers in the media just makes things worse for everyone, except the media companies that are only interested in traffic.  I don't think anyone has found that an early media disclosure of their data center plans has helped them.

Joyent CTO discusses data center as Information Factory

Joyent's CTO Jason Hoffman just presented on the idea of data centers as Information Factories. at GigaOm Structure Europe.  Here is my post on the same concept of data centers as information factories 3 years ago.

Can you Green the Data Center? Maybe if you think in terms of an Information Factory

I have been writing on the Green Data Center topic for over 2 years with 1,000 blog posts. And, one of the things I have found is the name “data center” is not an accurate description to the layman of what data centers do. Are data centers the “center of data”?  In the past there was one corporate building that was the place where data was housed for the corporation. The standard for Fortune 500 companies now is to have multiple data centers around the world to provide information availability, disaster recovery, and reliability. How can there be multiple centers of data? If you green the data center what am I supposed to green? These multiple centers?  How?

You can see Jason's video here.


Goldman Sachs gains the Green Data Center Capability of the elite from IO, Data Center Capacity deployed annually

What is fundamentally wrong with data centers of the past is it was an exercise in consensus decision making to gain enough votes of confidence to move forward with a major capital investment.  The Real Estate and IT group would go around to all the different business units and other parts of the company to collect the requirements, and alternatives would be presented.  Here is how much it will cost to meet the needs of the business for the next 15 years.

This method was fine when Data Centers were a fraction of the IT costs.  Now with the web and surge of data, it is reasonable for the top financials to have 50k - 100k of servers.  Some of these servers need to meet regulatory requirements from dozens of gov't agencies.  Some of these servers have minimal regulatory issues and can be spread around in low cost data centers.  Google, Amazon, Facebook, and Microsoft are building some of the lowest cost data centers that are tuned to their high server counts with geo-redundant homogenous architectures.  Google has 5 data centers support a major geographic region for ad services where 24x7x365 services are requirement.  In contrast the gov't  financial regulators will require an A + B data center and disaster recovery site strategy within a specific distance of Manhattan.  These requirements push the costs of data centers to be one of the highest costing in the industry as Active-Active fail over with full capability to run services if the other goes down.

With todays current financial climate, it is time for a change.

And one of the first financials to make the change is Goldman Sachs.  Don Duet is quoted in the press release.

"Their innovative technology and services will allow Goldman Sachs to scale its data center operations more efficiently, and further advance the firm's broader commitment to environmental stewardship and reduced carbon footprint."

The three points that GS focuses on are part of a green data center strategy.

1) Efficient operations

2) Commitment to environmental stewardship

3) Reduced Carbon footprint

The money savings isn't mentioned by Don in the quote, but it is highlighted as a feature of a data center 2.0 strategy

 In addition to greater operating and capital expense savings

Add all these things up and one way to look at GS's strategy is to gain the capabilities that Google, Facebook, Amazon, and Microsoft have to design data centers that meet their business needs in a way that data centers capacity can be deployed yearly vs. the past where data centers were built every 3-5 years.

The WSJ highlighted the GS announcement as part of a post here.

Data- and technology-driven organizations like Goldman Sachs are particularly vulnerable to the pace of technological change, because the huge investments they make today could cripple them tomorrow. Whatever competitive advantage they may have earned today can be swept away in the next tide of change, particularly if their hardware investments prevent them from reacting in an agile manner. That’s why Don Duet, the global co-chief operating officer of Goldman’s technology division, is building modular data centers that depend more on software than hardware, so that his team can react to “the pace of technological change,” he said during a phone conversation Monday.

WSJ also reported on Allianz Global Investors questioning its data center strategy.

The economic crisis in Europe is forcing Allianz Global Investors of America to reconsider its data center consolidation strategy. Daniel Stroot, CIO of Allianz, says the company considered opening two data centers in Europe and two in Asia, in addition to the two it maintains in the U.S., but is now planning to add just one more. “We had planned to have two in each region but now we’re thinking maybe we only need three globally,” Stroot told CIO Journal in an interview. “The crisis in Europe has continued to force us to look at being more efficient.”

At this point, the company no longer owns its own data centers, having in 2011 consolidated five data centers down to two private clouds operated by data center service provider IO. The original reasons for consolidation were as much circumstantial as a reaction to other changes in technology, namely software-as-a-service. The company was moving two of its offices into new buildings in New York and San Francisco that either wouldn’t support a data center, or where running a data center represented too great a cost from a power and cooling perspective. The new offices were “the trigger event to rethink what we’re doing and get out of the business” of maintaining data centers in-house, Stroot said.

17 3MW diesel generators are a new air pollution source, Vantage applies for 51 MW in Quincy WA

One of the things you need to do in the USA to build a data center is get an air permit from the state ecological department.  An example is the Vantage Data Center's new data center construction in Quincy, WA.  As part of the process there is a public hearing phase that describes the project.

NOTICE TO CONSTRUCT A NEW AIR POLLUTION SOURCE,

ANNOUNCEMENT OF PUBLIC HEARING, & SECOND TIER PETITION APPROVAL RECOMMENDATION

Comments accepted July 30 through September 10, 2012

The State of Washington Department of Ecology (Ecology) has received application to construct a new air pollution source. Vantage Data Centers Management Company, LLC, 2625 Walsh Avenue, Santa Clara, CA 95051, has proposed to build Vantage Data Centers located at the northwest corner of the intersection of Road 11 NW and Road O NW, Quincy in Grant County. The mailing address for the Vantage Data Centers in Quincy is 2101 M Street, Quincy, WA 98848.

Vantage Data Centers will contain four main data center buildings once it is fully constructed, and will install and operate up to 17 diesel engines that will power 3.0 megawatt electrical generators for a total of 51 megawatts of emergency backup electrical power. Diesel engines generate criteria and toxic air contaminants which have been evaluated. Diesel engine exhaust particulate (DEEP) emissions were reviewed under a Second Tier Health Impact Assessment to evaluate health risks posed by the project. After review of the completed Notice of Construction application and other information on file with the agency, Ecology has decided that this project proposal will conform to all requirements as specified in Chapter 173-400 WAC. After review of the Second Tier Health Impact Assessment, Ecology concluded that impacts to the community due to the Vantage Data Centers will meet the protective requirements contained in Chapter 173-460 WAC.

Copies of the Notice of Construction Preliminary Determination, the Second Tier Petition Recommendation, and supporting application documents are available for public review at Department of Ecology, Eastern Regional Office, 4601 N. Monroe, Spokane, WA 99205-1295, and at the City of Quincy, 104 B Street SW, Quincy, WA 98848.

The public is invited to attend a public hearing that has been scheduled to start at 5:15 PM on September 6, 2012 in the upstairs meeting room at the Quincy City Hall located at 104 B Street SW in Quincy. The public hearing will include presentations followed by a question and answer session starting at 5:30 PM. Public comment will be taken starting promptly at 6:30 PM. In addition to public comments taken at the public hearing, the public is invited to comment on this project proposal prior to the public hearing. Comments accepted July 30 through

September 10, 2012. Submit comments to Beth Mort at Ecology's Spokane Office, 4601

N. Monroe, Spokane, WA 99205-1295, or email beth.mort@ecy.wa.gov, or 509 329-3502.

Wow, Touring North Carolina sightseeing Data Centers of Google, Apple, and Facebook

GigaOm has a post on a tour of Google, Apple, and Facebook's data centers.

Would you take a trip to North Carolina to tour these data centers?  Well it's not really a tour if you don't get to go inside.  This is more like a drive by the gates of the data centers.

The ultimate geek road trip: North Carolina’s mega data center cluster

This article is the first in a four-part series that we’re publishing this week.

One day, one tank of gas, and three data centers – it was a road trip that only a geek would dream up. My destination: a cluster of cutting-edge and massive data centers spread across a few hundred miles north of Charlotte, North Carolina.

If data centers, filled with thousands of servers, are the engines of the Internet, then North Carolina is one of the garages for the Hummers of the tech world: The state is where Apple, Google and Facebook have decided to build their East Coast data centers. It’s a coup for North Carolina to have wooed all three elite Internet brands.


View Road trip: The North Carolina data center corrider in a larger map